3.   PROBABLE. Statements of intent to employ CBR warfare, directed at U.S. forces or allies, changes in political or military posture of an adversary possessing CBR capabilities, or use of CBR warfare within the OPAREA present a chance of probable involvement in a CBR environment. This threat level requires an estimate of the earliest time the CBR environment will be encountered. This estimate must be based on the strike ranges of delivery systems and the time it takes the strike to arrive at the nearest range limits. Implementation of MOPP-3 countermeasures is indicated. 4.   IMMINENT. Confirmation of increased activity involving delivery systems, recognized platform attack patterns, electronic or visual indication of employment of delivery systems, or the immediate proximity of known CBR hazard areas present an imminent danger of contamination and/or casualties. Implementation of MOPP-4 countermeasures is essential. RISK MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MOPP The decision to initiate or upgrade the ship’s MOPP begins with determining the threat level, ship’s mission, and corresponding MOPP-level countermeasures that provide the minimum acceptable degree of risk. An increase in the threat level does not necessarily justify immediate execution of all countermeasures included in the corresponding MOPP level. The next step is to determine the time at which the countermeasures comprising that MOPP level should begin. The time required to take countermeasures must be compared to the time remaining until either the threat  level  increases  or  the  risk  becomes unacceptable.   Waiting   too   long   to   start countermeasures increases the risk to the ship’s mission because of the risk to personnel survivability. Alternately, starting countermeasures too early will degrade  the  crew’s  performance  for  sustained operations in the CBR environment and will ultimately limit the ship’s ability to complete the mission. All countermeasures must be in effect immediately before the ship becomes involved in a CBR environment. Immediately following the attack, an assessment of the ship’s involvement in the CBR hazard is required to determine which countermeasures should remain in effect to enhance survivability and sustain operation. Frequent reassessments should be made to identify the earliest practical time(s) to secure the countermeasures and upgrade crew performance for optimum mission capability. MOPP Level-1 (Suspected Threat) Protection During MOPP level-1 the following actions must be taken: 1.  Individual protection  —  Issue the following individual protective equipment and medical supply items to shipboard personnel and maintain them at respective battle stations: Protective masks (fitted for immediate use) Chemical protection -   Protective  masks  (with  new,  unopened canister) -   Chemical   protective   overgarments (2 piece) -   Chemical protective overboots -   Chemical protective glove set -   Personnel decontamination kit Medical supply items -   Atropine auto-injectors (3) -   Auto-injectors (2) -   Pyridostigmine pretreatment tablets (21) Biological protection — Consists of the same protective   equipment   required   for   chemical protection,  minus  the  medical  items.  Chemical threat  is  assumed  to  be  “worst  case,”  unless reliable intelligence indicates otherwise. 6-12 Q14. The risk of a CBR threat can be categorized into how many levels of probability? 1. One 2. Two 3. Three 4. Four Q15. The term MOPP stands for Mission Organization Protective Plan. 1. True 2. False REVIEW QUESTIONS