vegetable oil. Upon contact with the burning surface, APC generates a soap-like froth that contains steam, which causes CO₂ and glycerine bubbles to float on top of the burning oil. The bubbles exclude air from the surface of the grease or oil, which extinguishes the fire. Egress Procedures Escape routes from below-deck spaces to weather decks should be clearly marked with directional arrows and appropriate labeling. Phosphorescent markings and appropriate emer- gency  lighting  of  egress  routes,  hatches,  and ladders will ensure that personnel will be able to safely find their way topside in the event of a loss of ship’s power. The emergency escape breathing device (EEBD) provides personnel with respiratory and eye protection in an atmosphere that will not support life. All personnel must learn to follow escape routes to weather decks by taking part in blind- fold drills. Additionally personnel should be trained on the location and the proper wearing of EEBDs. The method of and frequency required for egress training are contained in type com- mander directives. CBR Defense CBR defense means defense against chemical or biological agents used in attacks or defense against radiation from nuclear explosions. Personnel must be able to detect and identify contamination, to decide on the protective measures  needed,  and  to  decontaminate  ship surfaces, equipment, and personnel. In  studying  CBR  defense,  remember  that weapons are always developed and new defense measures are being established to deal with them. You will need to keep up to date with these changes. The ship’s bills that apply to shipboard CBR defense include the general emergency bill; the CBR defense bill; and the ship’s battle bill. All personnel must be indoctrinated and trained to carry out the duties described in these bills. For information  on  the  ship’s  battle  bill  and  for additional  information  on  other  bills,  see Standard Organization and Regulations of the U.S. Navy, OPNAVINST  3120.32. Personnel under CBR attack should be pro- tected through individual and group measures. Individual protection is of immediate concern. What you do in the first few moments after a CBR attack may determine whether or not you survive. Know the symptoms of exposure to radiation and to  biological  and  chemical  agents.  Know  the action to take when you are exposed and any self- aid and first-aid measures that might help you or your shipmates. This knowledge may mean the difference between life and death. COMPARTMENT CHECKOFF LISTS Compartment checkoff lists (fig. 7-5) provide an  itemized  listing  of  all  classified  fittings and closures used in damage control to set the specified material condition of readiness. They are originally prepared and furnished by the ship builder’s design agent during the construction of a ship or class of ships. It is each ship’s respon- sibility  to  keep  the  lists  current.  Follow  the guidelines listed in the Naval Ships’ Technical Manual, chapter 079, volume 2, when you check and update your compartment checkoff lists. All compartments must have a compartment checkoff list permanently posted within them in clear view of the space access. Weather decks that have damage control facilities must also have a compartment checkoff list posted. The compart- ment name and number are entered on the list along with all classified fittings and certain other damage control facilities in the compartment that are necessary to help damage control personnel in the performance of their duties. The informa- tion listed for each of the classified fittings and other facilities on a compartment checkoff list includes the following: • Name of item • Number of item • Location of item • Purpose of item • Classification of item (if classified) • Division responsibility for the proper operation of each fitting When a compartment has more than one entrance, duplicate compartment checkoff lists must be posted at each entrance. The compart- ment checkoff lists shall be clearly labeled DUPLICATE. Partial compartment checkoff lists may be desirable when a compartment contains 7-14