A2. By immersing the burned area in cold water or by
applying cold compresses, you minimize pain
and reduce the burning effect in deeper layers
of the skin.
A3. If a burn covers more than 20% of a victim’s
body, you should apply sterile, dry bandages.
A4. When treating burns you should NEVER apply
petrolatum gauze, break blisters or apply
butter, lard, or Vaseline™.
REVIEW 7 ANSWERS
A1. The three most important signs of heatstroke
are—
a. Dry, hot skin
b. Constricted pupils
c. Very high body temperature (usually above
105ºF)
A2. The three most important signs of heat
exhaustion are—
a. Moist, clammy skin
b. Dilated pupils
c. Normal or subnormal temperature
A3. The aim of first-aid treatment for heatstroke or
heat exhaustion is to reduce body temperature.
A4. True, in case of heatstroke/heat exhaustion, you
should transport the victim to a medical facility
as soon as possible.
REVIEW 8 ANSWERS
A1. Fractures are—
a. Closed fracture
b. Open fracture
A2. The symptoms of a fractured leg or arm
include—
a. Pain and tenderness
b. Discoloration of the skin
c. Creaking or cracking
d. Inability to use the part
e. Motion at points other than joints
f. Swelling
g. Deformity
A3. To give first aid to someone with a fractured leg
or arm, you should—
a. Get medical aid as soon as possible
b. Don’t move the victim until splints have
been applied, unless the victim’s life is in
danger
c. Treat for shock
d. Don’t try to find a fracture by grating the
ends of the bone together
e. Don’t try to set a broken bone
f. If a long bone in the leg is fractured,
carefully straighten the leg so it can be
immobilized
g. Apply splints
A4. The types of fractures that should be treated by
medical personnel are—
a. Jaw
b. Ribs
c. Spine
A5. You should never move a person who might have
a fractured spine or neck because moving that
person might cause permanent paralysis.
A6. The symptoms a victim might have with a
sprained or strained leg include—
a. Pain, lameness, stiffness, or pressure
b. Pain on movement
c. Swelling and tenderness
14-35
