death when the resistance of the body is lowered by moisture. Because of the above conditions, extra care and awareness of this hazard are needed. Short circuits can be caused by placing or dropping a metal tool, rule, flashlight case, or other conducting articles across an energized line. The arc and fire that result on even relatively low-voltage circuits may cause extensive damage to equipment and serious injury to personnel. WARNING All live electric circuits must be treated as potential hazards at all times. You and your personnel should constantly be on the alert for any indication of an equipment malfunction. The senses of sight, hearing, smell, and touch all serve to make a person aware of possible electrical malfunctions. You should be alert to following signs: Unusual sound from an electric motor Fire, smoke, sparks or arcing Frayed or damaged cords or plugs Receptacles, plugs, and cords that feel warm to the touch Slight shocks felt when handling electrical equipment Odor of burning or overheated insulation Electrical equipment that either fails to operate or operates irregularly Electrical equipment that produces excessive vibration If you or your personnel notice any of the above  signs,  report  them  immediately  to  the electric shop supervisor. Do not delay. Do not operate the equipment or attempt to make any repairs yourself. Stand clear of any suspected hazard, and instruct others to do likewise. You should ensure that personnel working on electrical circuits are provided with appropriate rubber protective equipment as necessary. These include rubber insulating gloves, sleeves, hoods, blankets, and rubber floor matting. Foot Protection Navy  policy  requires  that  all  employees (military  and  civilian)  exposed  to  designated occupational foot-hazardous operations or areas be furnished appropriate safety shoes or boots at government expense. Each activity commander designates local foot-hazardous areas and specifies the  type  of  foot  protection  required.  The commander makes those designations based on advice from the safety and health professionals of the activity’s safety office. Foot-hazardous operations are those that have a high incidence of, or potential for, foot or toe injuries. Occupations  involving  construction, materials handling, maintenance, transportation, ship repair and operation, aircraft overhaul and repair, and explosives manufacturing and handling generally have a high incidence of foot injuries. Safety shoes with built-in protective toe boxes provide  protection  from  heavy  falling  objects. General-purpose safety shoes (chukka style) are issued in boot camp and are available through normal supply channels. Head Protection Helmets and hats are used for protection against falling and flying objects and limited electric shock and burns. They must meet American National Standards Institute (ANSI) specification  Z89.1-1981,  Head  Protection. Helmets should be worn by Navy personnel in all industrial environments. Warnings signs should be posted in all places requiring the use of hard hats. Toxic Material Hazards Supervisors have always been concerned with the prevention of property damage and mishaps causing injury to personnel. Now OSHA requires supervisors to recognize and eliminate industrial hazards by enforcing local regulations and federal standards. Supervisors must be concerned with hazards caused by combustible materials, flamma- ble liquids, pollution, and toxic materials. They also must be concerned with industrial-related diseases. In the routine activity of running the work center, supervisors should be able to identify health hazards arising from production activities. In some instances, they must survey the raw materials and the by-products that may be 6-7