Organization refers to the relationships of
people within the command or work center. The
types of organization common to the Navy are
line, staff, and functional organizations. Organiza-
tion functions are based on organizational
concepts. The Navy uses the organizational
concepts of the chain of command, unity of
command, span of control, and specialization.
The delegation of work is an important part
of management and leadership. Delegating work
frees you to concentrate on the most important
tasks and trains your subordinates for higher
levels of responsibility.
The Navy recognizes three types of authority:
line, staff, and functional. Authority involves six
types of power: reward, coercive, legitimate,
informational, referent, and expert. Your power
is limited by the perception subordinates have of
you. Misuse of power for personal gain can render
you ineffective.
Leadership involves influencing others toward
accomplishing goals. You may use one or more
of the six leadership styles: coercer, authoritarian,
affiliator, democratic, pacesetter, and coach. You
will find each leadership style effective when
matched with the proper situation.
The Navy used to manage tasks and people
based on Management by Objectives (MBO).
Today the Navy has made a commitment to a
management program called Total Quality
Management (TQM). The Navy has changed the
name to Total Quality Leadership (TQL). The
basis of TQL is quality control. Through TQL,
your work center or division can provide out-
standing service to the person or organization
receiving your products.
REFERENCES
Megginson, Leon C., Donald C. Mosley, and
Paul H. Pietri, Jr., Management: Concepts
and Applications, 3rd ed., Harper & Row,
New York, 1989.
Navy Leader Development Program, Chief Petty
Officer Student Guide, NAVEDTRA 38222,
Chief of Naval Technical Program, Memphis,
Tenn., 1990.
Standard Organization and Regulations of the
U.S. Navy, OPNAVINST 3120.32B, Office
of the Chief of Naval Operations, Washing-
ton, D.C., 1986.
Total Quality Management, Department of the
Navy, Washington, D.C., 1989.
U.S. Navy Regulations, 1990, Office of the
Secretary of the Navy, Washington, D.C.,
1990.
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