5-19 collision. In other words, when a ship is at anchor, care must be taken to protect the ship at all times. As the petty officer of the watch, you are an important link in protecting the ship. You will be assisting the officer of the deck as much as possible. Naval Organization While standing watch as POOW, you will on many occasions be “passing the word” for official visitors to your ship or station. Words such as “COMPHIBRON FIVE, arriving” or “COMDESGRU TWO, departing” are examples of the proper way to announce arrivals or departures. You will need to know the names and abbreviations and be aware of the missions of major commands within the Department of the Navy. On many quarterdecks there are pictures of members of the chain of command (COC) and any other COC or officials deployed at that command. You should become familiar with them for sight recognition. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY.—The Department of the Navy (DoN) is headed by a civilian— the Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV). The DoN has two main objectives. The first objective is to organize, train, equip, prepare, and maintain the readiness of the Navy and Marine Corps forces to perform military missions. These forces carry out military missions as directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF). The second objective is to support the Navy and Marine Corps forces as well as the forces of other military departments. The DoN supports these forces as directed by SECDEF. CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS.—Chief of Naval  Operations  (CNO),  under  the  direction  of SECNAV, exercises command over the operating forces and shore activities of the Navy. THE OPERATING FORCES.—The operating forces  of  the  Navy  are  combat  or  combat-support oriented. Combatant and certain supporting forces are assigned to the commander of a unified or specified command. Unified or specified commands can consist of other DoD service members, foreign military personnel, and components from the following: Fleet Marine forces Naval air forces Naval surface forces Submarine forces Training commands Fleet Marine forces are under the administrative control of the Commandant of the Marine Corps. These forces operate, as do other types of commands, under their respective fleet commander in chief. The operating forces’ commanders and commanders in  chief  (CINCs)  have  dual  chains  of  command. Administratively, they report to the CNO to provide, train, and equip naval forces. Operationally, as naval forces, they report to the appropriate unified commander in chief. The units of a fleet also have dual chains of command. As units enter an area of responsibility for a particular Navy CINC, they are operationally assigned to the appropriate numbered fleet. Ships provided by Type Commanders make up the operational (numbered) fleets. The Pacific Fleet includes the Third and Seventh Fleets, the Atlantic Fleet has the Second Fleet, the Fifth Fleet is under the U. S. Naval Forces Central Command, and Naval Forces Europe mainly consists of the Sixth Fleet. The Navy units also have an administrative chain of command in which the various ships report to the appropriate forward-area commanders, known as Type Commanders. For  example,  administratively  a  destroyer  may belong to a squadron (DESRON) that is part of a cruiser-destroyer group (CRUDESGRU). CRUDESGRU, in turn, is part of the surface force (SURFLANT) that reports to the Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet (CINCLANTFLT). Operationally the same destroyer may be deployed as part of a task element, unit, group, and force that are part of the Seventh Fleet answering to CINCPACFLT. A task  force (TF) is a subdivision of a fleet. Sometimes a fleet is large enough and its duties are extensive enough to require division into many TFs. When that happens, the TFs become part of groupings