particular threat. While the primary responsibility forwinning wars lies with the Army, Navy, and Air Force,the Marine Corps wins battles, ever ready to respond tointernational “brush fires.” Marines train to be first onthe scene to respond to attacks on the United States orits interests, acts of political violence againstAmericans abroad, disaster relief, humanitarianassistance, or evacuation of Americans from foreigncountries. Operating from Navy ships afloat, theNavy-Marine team provides a unique range of optionsfor the country’s leadership. At sea, these units canoperate from a protected sea base, unencumbered bypolitical constraints often encountered by U.S. forcesbased in foreign countries.SUMMARYOrganization is not a new concept. In its simplestform, organization is the orderly arrangement ofassets. As a person approaching middle management,you must understand the organization of our Navy.Our Constitution authorized the building andsupporting of our military forces. The Constitutionalso stated that the President of the United Stateswould be the Commander in Chief of the militaryforces. In this chapter you have read how presidentialactions to protect our national security affirm thepower of the Commander in Chief.In 1949 an amendment to the National SecurityAct (NSA) set up the Department of Defense as weknow it today. The NSA set up the position of Secretaryof Defense (SECDEF) and gave the positionpresidential cabinet rank. The NSA also set up the JointChiefs of Staff (JCS). The JCS consists of the topindividuals from each service who advise the SECDEFand the President on all military matters. The navalrepresentative to the JCS is the Chief of NavalOperations (CNO). The CNO is a member of theDepartment of the Navy (DoN), and so are you.Our military organization starting with thePresident, includes the Army, Navy, Air Force, JointChiefs of Staff, and unified combatant commands. TheDoN is composed of three major parts—the NavyDepartment, the shore establishment, and theoperating forces—in addition to other supportingoffices and agencies. This chapter presented thesemajor activities and supporting services.REFERENCESBasic Military Requirements, NAVEDTRA 14277,Naval Education and Training ProfessionalDevelopment and Technology Center, Pensacola,FL, 1999.Standard Organization and Regulations of the U.S.Navy, OPNAVINST 3120.32C, Chief of NavalOperations, Washington, DC, 1994.The United States Government Manual — 1999/2000,Office of the Federal Register National Archivesand Records Administration, Washington, DC,Revised June 1, 1999.5-19
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