Safety goggles that will protect against splashes, or a face shield A  chemical  cartridge  respirator  for  protection against small amounts of organic vapors or for protection  for  a  short  duration;  or  an  air-line respirator  (or  some  other  type  of  supplied-air respirator)  if  use  is  extensive  or  in  a  confined space Coveralls Make sure work areas in which you use chlorinated cleaning solvents have proper ventilation. For enclosed spaces, an air change every 3 minutes is recommended. Consult  the  gas  free  engineer  to  determine  if  the ventilation is adequate. Organic Cleaning Solvents Organic cleaning solvents include the following: Toluene Xylene Some alcohols Acetone Methyl ethyl ketone Ethyl acetate Dry-cleaning solvent Kerosene Petroleum Ether Turpentine Morpholine and other related compounds These compounds are highly flammable and highly to moderately toxic. Some are also corrosive. Inhalation of concentrated  vapors  may  cause  dizziness,  nausea,  or vomiting. Organic  cleaning  solvents  should  be  stowed  as follows: Stow organic cleaning solvents in a flammable liquid storeroom, ready service storeroom, or a flammable locker. Keep   them   away   heat,   open   flames,   or spark-producing devices. Stow them away from oxidizers, such as calcium hypochlorite,  sodium  nitrate,  and  hydrogen peroxide. When handling organic cleaning solvents, wear the following PPE: Neoprene gloves Safety splash goggles Protective coveralls (recommended) In addition, if vapors accumulate over 100 parts per million  (ppm),  wear  an  OBA  and  notify  the  gas  free engineer. Fluorocarbon Refrigerants and Solvents Fluorocarbon  refrigerants  and  fluorocarbon solvents,  such  as  trichlorotrifluoroethane  (Freon  113, Freon TF, Genetron 113, R-113), are commonly found aboard  ship.  They  are  used  in  food  storage  compart- ments  and  air-conditioned  spaces  and  as  solvents  in engineering spaces. Fluorocarbon   vapors   have   the   following characteristics: They are colorless and almost odorless. They  cannot  be  detected  without  special instruments. They  are  nonflammable  and  nonexplosive; however, exposure to flames or hot surfaces will cause  these  compounds  to  generate  hydrogen chloride,   hydrogen   fluoride,   and   other poisonous gases. They  aren’t  irritating,  but  contact  may  cause frostbite. Operations  involving  trichlorotrifluoroethane  (Freon 113) are considered hazardous. An industrial hygienist or a gas free engineer must evaluate and approve these operations  to  ensure  the  work  process  meets  safety requirements. 18-9 Student Notes: