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1815 TO THE CIVIL WAR
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Basic Military Requirements (BMR) Revised Edition
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REVIEW 2 QUESTIONS Q1. After the Revolutionary War, what was the next significant role of the U.S. Navy? Q2.   List  the  two  conflicts  that  the  American  Navy was involved in between the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. a. b. Q3.   Describe the event during the Barbary States War that Lord Nelson thought of as one of the most bold and daring acts of the age. Q4.   List two events that the U.S. Navy was involved in during the War of 1812 a. b. Q5.   The  Mexican-American  War  was  primarily  a land  war.  However,  the  Navy  provided  what service during this war? THE U.S. NAVY FROM THE CIVIL WAR TO THE 20TH CENTURY Learning Objective: When you finish this chapter, you will be able to— Recognize  the  roles  and  responsibilities  of  the Navy from the Civil War to the 20th century to include the Civil War and the Spanish-American War. The  last  half  of  the  19th  century  was  a  time  of change for the United States. Marked by two wars and the  first  assassination  of  a  United  States  President,  it was a time of rapid change for the country and its Navy. THE CIVIL WAR This  bloody  struggle  between  the  States  was  the stage for many events in  U.S. naval history. Both Union and  Confederate  navies  engaged  in  shipbuilding programs. These programs brought the ironclad era into being.  Launched  by  the  Union  in  1862,  USS  New Ironsides,  a  powerful  ironclad,  had  the  armor  that allowed it to survive 50 hits in one battle. Ironclads The Civil War saw the development of two famed ironclads—the   USS   Merrimack   (renamed   the CSS  Virginia  by  the  Confederacy)  and  the  Union’s USS Monitor (which sported a turret). The USSMonitor was ungainly, called a cheese box on a raft; however, it and its Confederate counterpart began the ironclad era. The  battle  of  the  ships  was  indecisive;  both  sides claimed victory. Also appearing on the scene were riverboats, rams, and  gunboats.  Probably  more  changes  and  advances were made in ship designs during the 4 years of the Civil War  (1861  -  1865)  than  during  any  period  since  our Navy had its start in 1775. Submarines The Confederate Navy took the next steps forward in the development of the submarine. The USS Hunley was built with funds provided by Captain H. L. Hunley, a  man  blessed  with  imagination  but  lacking  in practicality. The ends of this 25-foot craft were loaded with ballast tanks that could be filled for descent but had to be hand pumped for ascent. Power was supplied by a propeller fitted to a camshaft that ran the length of the ship and was turned by as many as eight men. The  CSS  Hunley  was  a  jinx  to  the  Confederate Navy.  On  its  first  voyage,  it  nosed  into  the  mud  and refused  to  surface,  killing  its  seven  crew  members.  It was  hauled  up  and  moored  at  James  Island,  where  a passing  steamer  swamped  it  and  six  more  crewmen were lost. It was hauled up once more and manned with another  crew,  but  was  swept  over  by  another  steamer and another three men were killed. 5-8 Student Notes:







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