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Choking Agents - 14325_363
NUCLEAR WARFARE - 14325_365

Basic Military Requirements (BMR) Revised Edition
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continue, the eyes, mouth, and skin should be flushed with large amounts of water. Although the effects of vomiting agents can be dramatic, personnel can usually perform duties despite their effects. Personnel should continue to wear a face mask even though coughing, sneezing, salivating, and nausea occur. (The mask can be lifted from the face briefly to allow for vomiting and to drain saliva from the face piece). Analgesics can be given to relieve headache and general discomfort. REVIEW 1 QUESTIONS Q1.   What  term  is  used  to  describe  weapons  that destroy  large  areas  or  kill  and  disable  large segments of a population? Q2.   What is the most probable delivery method for chemical or biological weapons? Q3.   List the two types of antipersonnel agents. a. b. Q4.   The use of nerve agents produces symptoms that are  similar  to  what  other,  more  common condition? Q5.   What part of the body is most affected by blister agents? Q6.   If you are exposed to a blood agent, what action should you take first? Q7.   True  or  false.  Cough  suppressant  and  pain relievers can be given to a victim of a choking agent. BIOLOGICAL WARFARE Learning  Objectives:  When  you  finish  this  chapter, you will be able to— Recall  the  terms  used  with  biological  warfare (BW). Identify the types of BW. Identify the effects of BW. Biological warfare (BW) is the intentional use of living organisms, toxins, and microtoxins to disable or to destroy people and domestic animals, damage crops, or deteriorate supplies. BW might be used on a large scale;  therefore,  biological  immunizations  of  military forces  and  the  development  of  detection  equipment, such as the Interim Biological Agent Detection System (IBADS),  are  being  used.  Some  of  the  types  of  BW agents and their symptoms are described in table 13-2. Do  not  underestimate  BW  as  a  weapon.  BW agents  can  be  produced  on  a  scale  not  considered possible in the past. Even small nations with modern, adequate research facilities can produce large quantities of BW toxins and microtoxins more cheaply than they can produce other types of weapons. These toxins and microtoxins are hundreds to thousands times stronger than  today’s  chemical  weapons.  The  disadvantage  of BW  agents  is  that  many  are  rapidly  degraded  when exposed  to  certain  environmental  conditions,  such  as ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation, heat, dryness, or humidity. Animals,  insects,  and  rodents  can  be  used  as carriers to spread BW agents. Saboteurs can also infect large  numbers  of  people  by  contaminating  a  water supply.  Infecting  water,  milk,  and  food  supplies  with microorganisms can spread diseases, such as anthrax, typhoid fever, cholera, and influenza. In  the  early  stages  of  any  biological  disease,  the general  symptoms  include  fever,  malaise,  and inflammation. 13-6 Student Notes:







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