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CLOSED COMPARTMENTS AND UNVENTED SPACES - 12018_637
OPEN FLAME AND NAKED LIGHT NEAR FUELS

Basic Military Requirements (BMR) - Requirement for military advancement
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communications and to watch to see that you are not overcome. Symptoms of bad air include the following: Labored breathing Excessive fatigue from slight exertion Headaches Dizziness If you feel any of these symptoms, warn others and get to fresh air immediately. A more dangerous situation occurs if there is very little or no oxygen in a compartment. In this case, a person can lose consciousness almost immediately and without warning. If this happens and you’re tending the person,  don’t  enter  the  space  without  wearing  an oxygen breathing apparatus (OBA). If you do, you’ll become a casualty yourself. Always summon (call for) help before making a rescue attempt. Another hazard of working in closed compartments or connected spaces is the use of internal combustion engines in these spaces. For example, if a P-100 pump for  fire  fighting  or  dewatering  is  used  in  a  closed compartment, the engine used to drive the pump takes in the air through the carburetor and exhausts poisonous carbon  monoxide.  If  you  need  to  use  an  internal combustion engine in a closed space, make sure the exhaust is carried (vented) to the open atmosphere. REVIEW 5 QUESTIONS Q1.  Where do most accidents involving steam occur? Q2.  Describe the reason why you should never enter a closed space until its certified by the gas free engineer. Q3.  List the symptoms caused by bad air. a. b. c. d. FLAMMABLES Rules for preventing fuel fires were presented in chapter 13 of this manual. Our discussion here will include fire hazards and toxic hazards of flammable materials and applicable safety precautions. The vapors of petroleum products cause anesthetic effects when inhaled. Breathing air where petroleum vapors have a concentration of only 0.1 percent by volume can result in the inability to walk straight after o n l y   4   m i n u t e s .   L o n g e r   ex p o s u r e   o r   g r e a t e r concentration  may  cause  unconsciousness  or  death. When lead is added to the fuel, toxicity is increased. The lead may be inhaled or it may be absorbed through the skin. Proper ventilation, therefore, must be provided at all times when personnel are working in fuel tanks. An air-line  respirator  is  recommended  when  personnel enter such spaces. Symptoms  of  exposure  to  toxic  vapors  are headache, nausea, and dizziness. If you are working in a space that formerly held oil, gasoline, or other fuels and you experience these symptoms, get to fresh air at once. Recovery is usually prompt in fresh air; but if you are overcome by the vapors, you may require immediate medical attention. First-aid measures are to prevent the victim  from  becoming  chilled  and  to  administer artificial ventilation if breathing has stopped. All fuel spills must be wiped up immediately to prevent  the  spread  of  vapors  to  a  possible  ignition source. Never use gasoline for cleaning purposes, and avoid getting gasoline on the skin. Repeated contact causes drying, chapping, and cracking and may cause infection. 19-10 Student Notes:







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