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Aircraft   Carriers
USS  Port Royal  (CG-73)

Basic Military Requirements (BMR) - Requirement for military advancement
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stay  at  sea  for  long  periods  under  all  conditions), plane-carrying capacity, and maintenance capability. B a t t l e s h i p s . — T h e  b a t t l e s h i p s  h ave  b e e n decommissioned. However, they could be reactivated. Battleships participated in few surface engagements in World War II, but with their large number of antiaircraft guns, they proved to be excellent support ships in carrier task forces. Another major role was that of providing gunfire  support  of  amphibious  landings  in  both  the Pacific and European theaters. Only their large-caliber guns  could  knock  out  heavily  reinforced  gun emplacements. They also provided gunfire support in the Korean conflict. Several  battleships  (BBs)  were  modernized  to include additional armament such as Tomahawk and Harpoon  missile  systems  or  the  Phalanx  close-in weapons system (CIWS). Battleships were given state names. However, since there is little likelihood of our building any more battleships, state names are being given to cruisers like the USS South Carolina (CGN 37) and to submarines (SSBNs) like the USS  Ohio  (SSBN 726) and USS  Michigan  (SSBN 727). C r u i s e r s . — C r u i s e r s a r e m e d i u m - s i z e d , general-utility ships. They have a large cruising range and are capable of high speeds (over 30 knots). They serve  as  protective  screens  against  surface  and  air attacks  and  also  provide  gunfire  support  for  land operations.  The  two  basic  types  of  cruisers  are  the guided-missile cruiser (CG) and guided-missile cruiser (nuclear propulsion) (CGN). Cruisers displace about 10,000 tons. The CGs include cruisers with missiles, but some of these also have guns that are 5"/54 caliber. CGNs are the same as the CGs except that their main engines are nuclear-powered. Figures 8-15 and 8-16 show two cruisers. The Ticonderoga (CG 47) class cruisers are built on the    Spruance    (DD  963)  hull.  Modern  U.S.  Navy guided-missile cruisers perform primarily a battle force 8-16 Photograph courtesy of LT Brian Douglas Figure 8-14.—Various aircraft from Carrier Wing Three fly over the USS  Enterprise  (CVN 65). Student Notes:







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